目的 针对当前运动项目时尚流行化和轻运动需求的兴起,提出运用KANO-AHP-QFD集成方法探索轻运动参与人群的多维需求,并据此设计一款集成各类功能的全链路式辅助教具产品。方法 首先,通过用户访谈、问卷调查等方式,收集目标人群对轻运动辅助教具的多样化需求;其次,运用KANO模型对需求进行属性归类,识别出必备型、期望型与魅力型需求;再次,结合FAHP方法,构建模糊判断矩阵,计算各需求项的综合权重;最后,借助QFD将权重化需求转化为具体设计参数,构建质量屋以协调需求实现过程中的矛盾,实现设计方案的精准落地与创新引导。结果 明确了18项用户需求的优先级顺序,其中动作可视化指导（0.126）、多场景适配模块（0.105）与简易操作界面（0.097）位列前三;通过QFD转化得到14项技术要素的优先顺序,其中安全防护、动作可视化与纠错提醒为关键设计方向。结论 发掘了轻运动人群对于运动辅助教具产品的需求体系,并验证了KANO-FAHP-QFD集成方法能够系统实现从需求识别到优先级排序再到设计转化的全流程量化管控。
Abstract
The work aims to propose an integrated KANO-FAHP-QFD methodology to explore the multidimensional needs of participants, and facilitate the design of full-link teaching aids products with integrated functionalities, so as to address the surging trend of fashionable sports and "light exercise" needs. First, diverse user needs for light exercise teaching aids were collected through user interviews and questionnaires. Second, the KANO model was employed to categorize these needs into Must-be, One-dimensional, and Attractive attributes. Subsequently, the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) was applied to construct a fuzzy judgment matrix and calculate the integrated weights of each need item. Finally, quality function deployment (QFD) was utilized to transform weighted user needs into specific design parameters, and a house of quality (HOQ) was constructed to resolve technical contradictions, ensuring precise implementation and innovative guidance for the design solution. As a result, the priority of 18 user needs was identified, with "visualized movement guidance" (0.126), "multi-scenario adaptation modules" (0.105), and "simple operation interface" (0.097) ranking as the top three. Through QFD transformation, the priority order of 14 technical elements was obtained, identifying safety protection, motion visualization, and error-correction reminding as the key design directions. In conclusion, this study identifies the need system of light exercise participants for exercise teaching aids products. It verifies that the integrated KANO-FAHP-QFD method enables systematic and quantitative control of the entire process from need identification and priority ranking to design transformation.
关键词
轻运动 /
运动辅助教具 /
KANO模型 /
模糊层次分析法（FAHP） /
质量功能展开（QFD）
Key words
light exercise /
exercise teaching aids /
KANO model /
fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) /
quality function deployment (QFD)
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