目的 面向我国深度老龄化社会背景下居家养老的现实需求,针对现有智能鞋柜产品忽视老年群体生理心理特征、存在操作复杂与安全隐患等问题,构建科学的居家养老场景下智能鞋柜适老化设计流程并完成方案设计与验证。方法 首先,通过文献研究梳理适老化设计核心原则,结合老年人体尺寸数据及居家养老空间规范,明确智能鞋柜的功能边界与性能指标;其次,运用德尔菲法与层次分析法,从安全易用性、感知智能性、健康关怀性、情感交互性四个维度构建评价指标体系,确定各指标权重并完成用户需求排序;再次,基于层次分析法得出的用户需求排序,完成智能鞋柜适老化方案设计;最后,运用模糊综合评价法,结合构建的评价体系对该方案进行量化评价,验证方案合理性及本研究提出设计流程的可行性与有效性。结果 评价结果表明,所设计的智能鞋柜适老化方案契合老年人实际需求,有效验证了本研究提出的适老化设计流程的科学性与可行性。结论 该研究不仅为智能鞋柜的适老化设计提供了具体方案参考,而且为老年智能家电及产品的设计、改进与流程优化提供了理论依据与方法论支撑,对提升居家养老质量、推动适老化产品创新具有重要的实践意义。
Abstract
The work aims to construct a scientific design process for the elderly-friendly smart shoe cabinets in the context of home-based elderly care, and complete and verify the design scheme in response to the actual needs of elderly care in the context of a deeply aging society in China, and in view of the problems such as the neglect of the physiological and psychological characteristics of the elderly by existing smart shoe cabinets, as well as the complexity of operation and potential safety hazards. Firstly, through literature research, the core principles of elderly-friendly design were sorted out. Combined with the body size data of the elderly and the norms of home-based elderly care spaces, the functional boundaries and performance indicators of the smart shoe cabinets were clarified; Secondly, using the Delphi method and the analytic hierarchy process, an evaluation index system was constructed from four dimensions of safety and ease of use, perceptual intelligence, health care, and emotional interaction, to determine the weights of each index, and rank the user needs; Thirdly, based on the user needs ranking obtained from the analytic hierarchy process, the elderly-friendly design scheme for the smart shoe cabinets was completed. Finally, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was used to quantitatively evaluate the scheme, verifying the rationality of the scheme and the feasibility and effectiveness of the design process proposed in this study. The evaluation results showed that the designed elderly-friendly design scheme for the smart shoe cabinets meets the actual needs of the elderly, effectively verifying the scientificity and feasibility of the elderly-friendly design process proposed in this study. This research not only provides a specific scheme reference for the elderly-friendly design of smart shoe cabinets, but also provides a theoretical basis and methodological support for the design, improvement, and process optimization of elderly smart household appliances and products, and has important practical significance for improving the quality of home-based elderly care and promoting the innovation of elderly-friendly products.
关键词
居家养老 /
智能鞋柜 /
适老化设计 /
评价体系 /
层次分析法 /
健康关怀
Key words
home-based elderly care /
smart shoe cabinet /
elderly-friendly design /
evaluation system /
analytic hierarchy process /
health care
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基金
中国工艺美术学会2025年度工艺美术科研课题（CNACS2025-B-I-69）; 浙江省2025年社科赋能山区海岛县高质量发展行动研究成果; 2025年浙江省妇女研究会课题（202529）; 2026年湖州师范大学研究生教育教学改革项目（YJGYB2026005）
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