数字人抓握姿势驱动的城市轨道列车客室扶手可及性评估方法

刘海男; 王洪宝; 赵肖; 张懿心; 向泽锐

doi:10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.16.004

PDF(4415 KB)

包装工程（设计栏目） ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (16) : 45-51. DOI: 10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.16.004

专题：复杂装备场景下的数字人关键技术及应用

数字人抓握姿势驱动的城市轨道列车客室扶手可及性评估方法

刘海男¹, 王洪宝¹, 赵肖^2a, 张懿心^2a, 向泽锐^2a,b*

作者信息 +

Accessibility Evaluation Method for Handrails in Passenger Carriages of Urban Rail Trains Based on Digital Human Grasping Posture

LIU Hainan¹, WANG Hongbao¹, ZHAO Xiao^2a, ZHANG Yixin^2a, XIANG Zerui^2a,b*

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

目的为判断城市轨道列车客室扶手布置方案的合理性,提出一种数字人抓握姿势驱动的扶手可及性评估方法。方法首先,基于三维设计软件构建涵盖各类扶手的列车客室环境,利用JACK构建典型数字人模型并适配各类扶手的抓握姿势;其次,在三维软件中测获各类扶手对应的典型数字人最大抓握尺寸,进而得出各类扶手的抓握覆盖域;最后,在AutoCAD中绘制全部扶手的抓握覆盖域,并通过检视是否存在覆盖盲区来评判扶手布置方案的合理性。结果案例分析表明,该方法能够测获目标人群女性和男性典型百分位数字人使用各扶手的抓握覆盖域,并能通过视觉判断列车客室扶手布置方案是否存在抓握盲区。结论该方法能够快速识别城市轨道列车客室扶手布置设计缺陷,可为评估城市轨道列车客室扶手布置设计方案提供参考。

Abstract

The work aims to propose an accessibility evaluation method for handrails in passenger carriages of urban rail trains based on digital human grasping postures to assess the rationality of handrail layout schemes in passenger carriages of urban rail trains. First, a passenger carriage environment incorporating various types of handrails was constructed using 3D design software, and typical digital human models were built in JACK with adapted gripping postures for each handrail type. Then, the maximum gripping dimensions of typical digital humans corresponding to each handrail type were measured in the 3D software, thereby deriving the grip coverage area for each handrail type. Finally, the grip coverage areas of all handrails were plotted in AutoCAD, and the rationality of the handrail layout scheme was evaluated by examining whether any coverage blind zones existed. The case showed that this method could measure the grip coverage areas for typical percentile digital humans (both female and male) using various handrails and visually determine whether blind zones existed in the handrail layout of the passenger carriage. The method can quickly identify design flaws in the handrail layout in passenger carriages of urban rail trains and provide a reference for evaluating handrail layout design schemes.

导出引用1

刘海男, 王洪宝, 赵肖, 张懿心, 向泽锐. 数字人抓握姿势驱动的城市轨道列车客室扶手可及性评估方法[J]. 包装工程. 2026, 47(16): 45-51 https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.16.004

LIU Hainan, WANG Hongbao, ZHAO Xiao, ZHANG Yixin, XIANG Zerui. Accessibility Evaluation Method for Handrails in Passenger Carriages of Urban Rail Trains Based on Digital Human Grasping Posture[J]. Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(16): 45-51 https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.16.004

中图分类号： TB472

参考文献

[1] 郭丽娜, 张国澎, 陈庆花. 城市轨道交通混合储能系统研究进展[J]. 电池, 2025, 55(4): 844-850.
GUO L N, ZHANG G P, CHEN Q H.Research Progress on Hybrid Energy Storage Systems for Urban Rail Transit[J]. Battery Bimonthly, 2025, 55(4): 844-850.
[2] 杨冬梅, 王泽远, 张健楠, 等. 基于SP-GRN的城市轨道列车配色设计方法[J]. 机械设计与研究, 2024, 40(4): 159-166.
YANG D M, WANG Z Y, ZHANG J N, et al.Research on Color Matching Design Method for Urban Rail Transit Based on SP-GRN[J]. Machine Design & Research, 2024, 40(4): 159-166.
[3] 芦红霞, 王晓玲. 地铁车辆客室中扶手设计[J]. 铁道车辆, 2023, 61(2): 81-83.
LU H X, WANG X L.Design of Middle Handrail in Passenger Compartment of Subway Vehicles[J]. Rolling Stock, 2023, 61(2): 81-83.
[4] 李振阳, 郭海洋. 上海轨道交通11号线车辆侧扶手强度分析[J]. 电力机车与城轨车辆, 2012, 35(3): 53-54.
LI Z Y, GUO H Y.Strength Analysis of Side Armrest for Shanghai Rail Transit Line 11 Vehicles[J]. Electric Locomotives & Mass Transit Vehicles, 2012, 35(3): 53-54.
[5] 卢艳玲, 刘厚林, 孟令峰. 武汉轨道交通一号线二期工程车辆内饰扶手的规范化设计[J]. 电力机车与城轨车辆, 2010, 33(3): 25-26.
LU Y L, LIU H L, MENG L F.Standardization Design of Interior Decoration Armrest of Metro Vehicle for Wuhan Line 1 Extending[J]. Electric Locomotives & Mass Transit Vehicles, 2010, 33(3): 25-26.
[6] 姚望, 李芳宇, 支锦亦. 基于无意识设计理念的地铁车内扶手改良设计[J]. 包装工程, 2020, 41(4): 200-206.
YAO W, LI F Y, ZHI J Y.Improved Design of Subway Interior Handrail Based on Unconscious Design Theory[J]. Packaging Engineering, 2020, 41(4): 200-206.
[7] 卢臻, 李兵, 邓钊. 基于GB/T 10000—2023新国标的南京地铁10号线扶手设计探究[J]. 包装工程, 2025, 46(14): 139-146.
LU Z, LI B, DENG Z.Handrail Design of Nanjing Metro Line 10 Based on New National Standard GB/T10000-2023[J]. Packaging Engineering, 2025, 46(14): 139-146.
[8] 郭庆祥, 陈龙娇. 跨坐式单轨车辆客室内部人机工程研究[J]. 北京汽车, 2011(1): 5-7.
GUO Q X, CHEN L J.Research on Human Factors in the Passenger Cab of the Elevated Monorail Vehicle[J]. Beijing Automotive Engineering, 2011(1): 5-7.
[9] 姜良奎, 向泽锐, 刘峰. 无辅助抓握件地铁车内扶手布置设计研究[J]. 包装工程, 2017, 38(2): 15-20.
JIANG L K, XIANG Z R, LIU F.Layout Design of Handrails without Assistive Handles for Metro Vehicles[J]. Packaging Engineering, 2017, 38(2): 15-20.
[10] 张芳燕, 郭佳佳, 张磊, 等. 地铁车厢扶手人机工程仿真分析及改进设计[J]. 包装工程, 2023, 44(18): 19-26.
ZHANG F Y, GUO J J, ZHANG L, et al.Ergonomic Simulation Analysis and Improved Design of Subway Car Handrails[J]. Packaging Engineering, 2023, 44(18): 19-26.
[11] SERIANI S, FERNANDES V A, MORAGA P, et al.Experimental Location of the Vertical Handrail to Improve the Accessibility of Wheelchair Passengers Boarding and Alighting at Metro Stations—A Pilot Study[J]. Sustainability, 2022, 14(15): 9224.
[12] GUO B Y, GAN W D, FANG W N.Using Hand Grip Force as a Correlate of Longitudinal Acceleration Comfort for Rapid Transit Trains[J]. Sensors, 2015, 15(7): 15755-15771.
[13] 向泽锐, 支锦亦, 李然, 等. 我国城市轨道列车工业设计研究综述[J]. 西南交通大学学报, 2021, 56(6): 1319-1328.
XIANG Z R, ZHI J Y, LI R, et al.Review on Industrial Design of Urban Rail Vehicles in China[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 2021, 56(6): 1319-1328.
[14] 中华人民共和国建设部. 城市公共交通分类标准(附条文说明): CJJ/T 114—2007[S]. 北京: 中国建筑工业出版社, 2007.
Ministry of Construction of the People's Republic of China. Standard for Classification of Urban Public Transportation: CJJ/T 114—2007[S]. Beijing: China Architecture & Building Press, 2007.
[15] 中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部. 城市轨道交通工程项目规范: GB 55033-2022[S]. 北京: 中国建筑工业出版社, 2022.
Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China. Project Code for Engineering of Urban Rail Transit: GB 55033—2022[S]. Beijing: China Architecture & Building Press, 2022.
[16] 唐林涛, 赵自然. 城市轨道交通车厢内部空间人性化设计[J]. 装饰, 2015(4): 80-82.
TANG L T, ZHAO Z R.Design of the Interior Space of Urban Rail Transit Vehicles[J]. Art & Design, 2015(4): 80-82.
[17] 中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部. 地铁设计规范: GB 50157—2013[S]. 北京: 中国建筑工业出版社, 2014.
Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China. Code for Design of Metro: GB 50157—2013[S]. Beijing: China Architecture & Building Press, 2014.
[18] 国家质量监督检验检疫总局. 地铁车辆通用技术条件: GB/T 7928—2003[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2004.
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China. General Technical Specification for Metro Vehicles: GB/T 7928—2003[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2004.
[19] 住房和城乡建设部. 地铁限界标准: CJJ/T 96—2018[S]. 北京: 中国建筑工业出版社, 2018.
Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China. Subway Gauge Standards: CJJ/T 96—2018[S]. Beijing: China Architecture & Building Press, 2018.
[20] 鲁晓涛, 兰永霞, 姜亮, 等. 新一代市域列车客室人因仿真[J]. 机械设计与研究, 2022, 38(2): 163-168.
LU X T, LAN Y X, JIANG L, et al.Study on Ergonomics/Human Factors Simulation of Passenger Cabin for a New Generation Urban Rail Vehicle[J]. Machine Design & Research, 2022, 38(2): 163-168.
[21] International Organization for Standardization. Basic Human Body Measurements for Technological Design—Part 3: Worldwide and Regional Design Ranges: ISO 7250-3: 2015[S]. Geneva: International Organization for Standardization, 2015.