目的 针对二孩共处儿童房空间的生活常态,通过设计研究提升儿童房家具的空间适应性,满足二孩充分交流的同时,解决共同成长的需求与各自私人空间需求不断增大的矛盾,为儿童房家具的设计创新研究带来积极作用。方法 引入情境构建法,以二孩使用场景作为核心,通过分镜头生活情境描述,深入了解二孩用户的生活日常、整理使用痛点和功能需求;运用KANO模型构建功能需求分类以及优先级;最后,运用AHP层次分析法,构建判断矩阵并进行权重计算及排序,将设计参数作为设计方案的主要导向要素,结合设计实践论证理论可行性。结果 根据情境构建法得出二孩生活中最突出的痛点是收纳混乱、相互干扰和私人空间不足等,运用KANO模型得出4个需求项,并通过AHP层次分析法计算得出优先项,分别为模块化设计、开合式封闭、利用色彩区分,感应式小夜灯、增加床内储物。结论 集成情境构建法—KANO—AHP的设计理论模型,从发掘使用痛点到求解需求权重到排序设计方法优先级,逐步求解与细分,有效地指导了二孩儿童房家具的设计实践,并解决了存在的问题,为儿童房家具的研发提供了新的方法与思路。
Abstract
In response to the common scenario of two children sharing a children's room, the work aims to enhance the spatial adaptability of children's room furniture through design research, to facilitate sufficient interaction between siblings while addressing the growing tension between their shared developmental needs and their increasing demand for individual private space, thereby contributing positively to innovative research in children's room furniture design. The scenario construction method was introduced, with the usage scenarios of two-child families as the core. Through storyboard-based descriptions of daily life situations, an in-depth understanding of the daily routines of children in two-child families was gained, pain points in furniture usage and organization were identified, and their functional requirements were clarified. Then, the KANO model was applied to classify functional requirements and determine their priorities. Finally, the Analytic Hierarchy Process was adopted to construct a judgment matrix, calculate weights and conduct ranking. Design parameters were taken as the primary guiding elements for design schemes, and the theoretical feasibility was verified through design practice. According to the scenario construction method, the most prominent pain points in the daily life of two-child families included cluttered storage, mutual interference and insufficient private space. Four requirement items were identified via the KANO model, and priority items were calculated by means of the Analytic Hierarchy Process, namely modular design, open-close enclosure, color-based differentiation, sensor-activated night-lights, and built-in bed storage. The integrated theoretical design model combining the scenario construction method-KANO-AHP, which explores usage pain points, calculates requirement weights and prioritizes design approaches through step-by-step analysis and subdivision, can effectively guide the design practice of furniture for two-child children's bedrooms. It addresses existing problems and provides new methods and ideas for the research and development of children's room furniture.
关键词
情境构建法 /
KANO模型 /
AHP /
儿童房家具设计
Key words
scenario construction method /
KANO model /
AHP /
children's room furniture design
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基金
2024年广东省教育科学规划课题（高等教育专项）（2024GXJK617）
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