目的 为解决传统电梯检验检测过程中存在的数据孤岛、现场虚实脱节、人工运检效率低与安全隐患等问题,提出一种基于数字孪生（Digital Twin, DT）与增强现实（Augmented Reality, AR）深度融合的电梯智慧运检平台方案。方法 构建“云端孪生分析+端侧AR辅助”的闭环协同架构：云端基于DT技术实现多源异构数据融合与物理实体的高保真三维映射;端侧利用AR技术,将孪生分析结果与标准化操作指引精准叠加于真实物理空间,以软硬件协同有效赋能运检人员的现场交互。结果 测试及应用结果表明,该平台打破了数字空间与物理现场的壁垒,可高效支撑电梯运行可视化、AR辅助维修及沉浸式培训等应用场景。结论 此方案有效解决了传统检测的局限性,实现了电梯运检从“被动响应”到“预测性维护”的转变,提升了运检效率并降低了作业风险,为电梯运检智慧化转型提供了理论与实践参考。
Abstract
The work aims to propose an intelligent elevator operation and maintenance platform based on the deep integration of Digital Twin (DT) and Augmented Reality (AR) to address the problems of data silos, the disconnect between virtual systems and physical environments, low manual efficiency, and safety hazards in traditional elevator inspection and maintenance. A closed-loop collaborative architecture featuring "cloud-based twin analysis and terminal-side AR assistance" was constructed. On the cloud side, DT technology was utilized to achieve multi-source heterogeneous data integration and high-fidelity 3D mapping of physical entities. On the terminal side, AR technology was employed to precisely overlay twin analysis results and standardized operation guidelines onto the real physical space, effectively empowering the on-site interaction of inspection personnel through software-hardware synergy. Testing and application results demonstrated that the platform broke down the barriers between the digital space and the physical site, efficiently supporting application scenarios such as elevator operation visualization, AR-assisted maintenance, and immersive training. This scheme effectively resolves the limitations of traditional inspection, realizes the transition of elevator operation and maintenance from "passive response" to "predictive maintenance", improves operation and maintenance efficiency, and reduces operational risks, providing theoretical and practical references for the intelligent transformation of elevator operation and maintenance.
关键词
数字孪生（DT） /
增强现实（AR） /
电梯运检 /
智慧化平台
Key words
digital twin (DT) /
augmented reality (AR) /
elevator operation and maintenance /
intelligent platform
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] 晋良海, 夏露, 陈述, 等. 特种设备安全事故时间序列拓扑网络特征研究[J]. 科技导报, 2022, 40(24): 78-84.
JIN L H, XIA L, CHEN S, et al.Research on Topological Characteristics of Special Equipment Safety Accidents Time Series[J]. Science & Technology Review, 2022, 40(24): 78-84.
[2] 宋伟科, 赵召, 王华杰, 等. 高参数大型游乐设施服役健康管控技术体系设计[J]. 工程设计学报, 2024, 31(4): 409-419.
SONG W K, ZHAO Z, WANG H J, et al.Design of Health Management and Control Technology System for In-Service High-Parameter Large-Scale Amusement Rides[J]. Chinese Journal of Engineering Design, 2024, 31(4): 409-419.
[3] 郭淼, 邬晓月, 李斌, 等. 电梯智慧监管与检验技术发展综述[J]. 中国安全生产科学技术, 2023, 19(10): 51-58.
GUO M, WU X Y, LI B, et al.Review on Development of Intelligent Supervision and Inspection Technology of Elevators[J]. Journal of Safety Science and Technology, 2023, 19(10): 51-58.
[4] 市场监管总局. 市场监管总局关于进一步做好改进电梯维护保养模式和调整电梯检验检测方式试点工作的意见(国市监特设〔2020〕56号)[EB/OL]. (2020-04-10)[2026-02-15]. https://www.samr.gov.cn/cms_files/filemanager/samr/www/samrnew/tzsbj/tzgg/zjwh/202004/t20200410_314094.html.
State Administration for Market Regulation. Opinions of the State Administration for Market Regulation on Further Improving the Trial Work of Elevator Maintenance Mode and Adjusting Elevator Inspection and Testing Methods (Guo Shi Jian Te She [2020] No.56) [EB/OL]. (2020-04-10)[2026-02-15]. https://www.samr.gov.cn/cms_files/filemanager/samr/www/samrnew/tzsbj/tzgg/zjwh/202004/t20200410_314094.html.
[5] 国务院. 国务院关于印发“十四五”市场监管现代化规划的通知(国发〔2021〕30号)[EB/OL]. (2022-01-27) [2026-02-15]. https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2022-01/27/content_5670717.htm.
State Council of the People's Republic of China. Notice of the State Council on Issuing the "14th Five-Year Plan for Market Regulation Modernization" (Guo Fa [2021] No.30)[EB/OL]. (2022-01-27)[2026-02-15]. https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2022-01/27/content_5670717.htm.
[6] 市场监管总局. 市场监管总局关于进一步加强电梯等特种设备安全工作的通知(国市监特设发〔2024〕48号) [EB/OL]. (2024-04-30)[2026-02-15]. https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/zhengceku/202405/content_6948895.htm.
State Administration for Market Regulation. Notice of the State Administration for Market Regulation on Further Strengthening the Safety Management of Elevators and Other Special Equipment (Guo Shi Jian Te She Fa [2024] No.48)[EB/OL]. (2024-04-30)[2026-02-15]. https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/zhengceku/202405/content_6948895.htm.
[7] 洪东跑, 方伟光, 李浩, 等. 面向智能运维的装备数字孪生体构建与应用研究[J]. 宇航学报, 2024, 45(6): 854-865.
HONG D P, FANG W G, LI H, et al.Research on Construction and Application of Weaponry Digital Twin for Intelligent Operation and Maintenance[J]. Journal of Astronautics, 2024, 45(6): 854-865.
[8] 马金盾, 张雷, 郭理彬, 等. 增强现实装备维修引导系统研究综述[J]. 兵器装备工程学报, 2020, 41(7): 169-176.
MA J D, ZHANG L, GUO L B, et al.Survey of Augmented Reality Equipment Maintenance Guidance System[J]. Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering, 2020, 41(7): 169-176.
[9] 冯运, 童翊轩, 王耀南, 等. 重大装备集群机器人协同制造数字孪生技术综述[J]. 自动化学报, 2025, 51(7): 1463-1479.
FENG Y, TONG Y X, WANG Y N, et al.Digital Twin Technology for Collaborative Manufacturing of Major Equipment by Cluster Robots: A Review[J]. Acta Automatica Sinica, 2025, 51(7): 1463-1479.
[10] ZHAO X, LIU K L, FU H Y, et al.Review of Augmented Reality Maintenance and Registration in Aerospace Industry[J]. Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 2025, 151: 1018-1041.
[11] ZHONG M H, ZHOU Y P.Virtual-Reality System for Elevator Maintenance Education: Design, Implementation and Evaluation[J]. Engineering Reports, 2024, 6(6): e12873.
[12] SEMERARO C, LEZOCHE M, PANETTO H, et al.Digital Twin Paradigm: A Systematic Literature Review[J]. Computers in Industry, 2021, 130: 103469.
[13] 王芳丽, 刘凯, 潘微, 等. 民机结构绿色维修技术应用与发展[J]. 航空学报, 2023, 44(11): 19-37.
WANG F L, LIU K, PAN W, et al.Application and Development of Green Structure Maintenance for Civil Aircraft[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2023, 44(11): 19-37.
[14] 吴秋伟, 赵文巘. 数字孪生与生成式人工智能赋能新型电力系统运行控制研究综述[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2025, 45(11): 59-71.
WU Q W, ZHAO W Y.Research Overview of Digital Twin and Generative Artificial Intelligence Enabled New Power System[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2025, 45(11): 59-71.
[15] 齐冬莲, 李启, 陈毅, 等. 面向电力设备智慧运维的数字孪生关键技术研究现状与展望[J]. 高电压技术, 2026, 52(4): 1501-1517.
QI D L, LI Q, CHEN Y, et al.Research Status and Prospects of Digital Twin Key Technologies for Intelligent Operation and Maintenance of Power Equipment[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2026, 52(4): 1501-1517.
[16] 李宏宇, 康献民, 谢啊奋, 等. 产品设计域数字孪生模型演化过程及方法研究[J]. 机床与液压, 2023, 51(19): 65-71.
LI H Y, KANG X M, XIE A F, et al.Research on the Evolution Processes and Methods of Digital Twin Model in Product Design Domain[J]. Machine Tool & Hydraulics, 2023, 51(19): 65-71.
[17] 李聪林, 王琪冰, 陆佳炜, 等. 基于数字孪生的电梯乘客异常行为建模与识别方法[J]. 计算机工程与应用, 2023, 59(19): 274-284.
LI C L, WANG Q B, LU J W, et al.Modeling and Recognition Method of Elevator Passenger Abnormal Behavior Based on Digital Twin[J]. Computer Engineering and Applications, 2023, 59(19): 274-284.
[18] 张交通, 唐艳同, 余焕伟, 等. 基于增强现实设备的电梯远程检验技术研究[J]. 中国特种设备安全, 2024, 40(S1): 13-16.
ZHANG J T, TANG Y T, YU H W, et al.Research on Elevator Remote Inspection Technology Based on Augmented Reality Equipment[J]. China Special Equipment Safety, 2024, 40(S1): 13-16.
[19] WANG Q B, CHEN L Q, XIAO G, et al.Elevator Fault Diagnosis Based on Digital Twin and PINNs-E-RGCN[J]. Scientific Reports, 2024, 14: 30713.
[20] CHEN S Y, TURANOGLU BEKAR E, BOKRANTZ J, et al.AI-Enhanced Digital Twins in Maintenance: Systematic Review, Industrial Challenges, and Bridging Research-Practice Gaps[J]. Journal of Manufacturing Systems, 2025, 82: 678-699.
[21] 任崇宝. 基于数据驱动的电梯安全风险要素识别与预警研究[D]. 北京: 中国矿业大学(北京), 2023.
REN C B.Research on Elevator Safety Risk Factor Identification and Early Warning Based on Data-Driven[D]. Beijing: China University of Mining & Technology, Beijing, 2023.
[22] ALAM M M, UGLI R A N, TANHA K J, et al. AI-Enhanced Digital Twin Systems for Warehouse Logistics Optimization: A Review of Challenges with Solutions and Future Directions[J]. ICT Express, 2026, 12(2): 459-479.
基金
宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目（2024BEG02035）
PDF(7514 KB)
渝公网安备 50010702501717号