目的 针对我国幼儿园食育存在的课程碎片化、师资专业化程度不足、家园协同机制薄弱等痛点,旨在运用KANO模型系统挖掘并量化幼儿园食育场景中核心利益相关者的需求,为学前儿童食育产品服务系统设计提供精准的需求输入与决策依据。方法 结合KANO模型与服务设计方法,通过定性调研挖掘用户需求,设计含15项需求要素的KANO问卷,量化分析需求属性与优先级;基于核心驱动要素,构建“FoodieFun”食育机器人产品服务系统,并邀请5名幼儿园一线教师通过方案演示与半结构化访谈进行概念可用性评估。结果 识别出必备属性需求4项、期望属性4项、魅力属性4项,确定6项核心驱动要素;所设计的食育机器人通过双主题游戏叙事、“识别-任务-反馈-奖励”交互闭环及家园数据共享功能,有效提升幼儿参与度与家园协同效率。结论 KANO模型可有效应用于学前儿童食育产品服务系统层面的需求分析,通过代理决策机制能够有效破解“沉默用户”的需求获取难题。研究形成了食育产品服务系统设计新范式,为幼儿园食育提供了兼具专业性、趣味性与文化性的创新解决方案。
Abstract
In response to persistent challenges in kindergarten food education in China, including curriculum fragmentation, insufficient professionalization of teaching staff, and weak home-kindergarten collaboration mechanisms, the work aims to apply the KANO model to systematically identify and quantify the needs of core stakeholders in kindergarten food education contexts, so as to provide precise need inputs and decision-making support for the design of a product-service system for preschool children's food education. By integrating the KANO model with service design methods, this study first elicited user needs through qualitative research. A KANO questionnaire comprising 15 requirement items was then developed to quantitatively analyze the attributes and priorities of these needs. Based on the core driving factors identified, a food education robot product-service system named "FoodieFun" was constructed. Five frontline kindergarten teachers were invited to evaluate its conceptual usability through prototype demonstrations and semi-structured interviews. The analysis identified four must-be needs, four one-dimensional needs, and four attractive needs, from which six core driving factors were determined. The proposed food education robot enhanced children's engagement and improved the efficiency of home-kindergarten collaboration through a dual-theme game-based narrative, an interactive closed loop of "recognition-task-feedback-reward", and home-kindergarten data-sharing functions. The KANO model can be effectively applied to needs analysis at the product-service system level for preschool children's food education. Through a proxy decision-making mechanism, it can help address the challenge of eliciting needs from "silent users". This study proposes a new design paradigm for food education product-service systems and offers an innovative solution for kindergarten food education that integrates professionalism, playfulness, and cultural relevance.
关键词
KANO模型 /
幼儿园食育 /
产品服务设计 /
用户需求 /
食育机器人
Key words
KANO model /
kindergarten food education /
product-service system design /
user needs /
food-education robot
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基金
河南省杰出外籍科学家工作室资助项目（GZS2024019）; 中国高等教育学会2025年度高等教育科学研究规划课题（25SW0303）; 教育部“宏志助航计划”线上课程建设课题（HZXS25015）
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