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20 February 2026
Volume 47 Issue 4

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Industrial Design
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  Development Status of Cultural Heritage Image Restoration Driven by AIGC Multi-modal Knowledge

  WANG Lingyu, FANG Mingzhu, GUO Meixing, HU Shujuan, HU Jie, LIANG Shuang, YAN Yu, LI Yingchuan

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 1-18. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.001

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  The work aims to explore how multi-modal knowledge bases driven by AI Generated Content (AIGC) provide novel solutions for traditional cultural heritage image restoration and propel cultural heritage protection toward intelligent development, specifically addressing the challenges of stylistic inconsistency and semantic incoherence often encountered in the restoration process. By reviewing the evolution of AIGC technologies, from Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) to diffusion models, the construction methods of multi-modal knowledge bases, the mechanisms of knowledge retrieval and fusion, and the controllable generation mechanisms guided by knowledge were analyzed. Representative restoration platform cases were also evaluated to assess their effectiveness in cultural heritage image restoration. The AIGC-driven multi-modal approach effectively integrated multi-source data such as images and text, significantly improving stylistic consistency and semantic coherence in the restoration process. It outperformed traditional restoration techniques in handling complex damage and maintaining cultural context. The integration of AIGC and multi-modal knowledge opens up a new paradigm for cultural heritage image restoration, driving the intelligent and systematic development of restoration technologies. In the future, key directions for development will include platform system integration, deep semantic alignment and trust assurance, as well as the construction of human-machine collaboration ethical norms.
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  Virtual Reality Smart Home Design Method Based on Level of Detail (LOD) Modeling

  WU Pengjun, CHEN Jiarui, XU Dandan, MO Wei, LIU Yao

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 19-29. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.002

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  The work aims to propose smart home design method combining virtual reality (VR) and level of detail (LOD) modeling based on the limitations in graphic presentation, customer communication and space perception of traditional home design (HD), to improve design accuracy and user experience. A VR-based home design platform combined with LOD technology was developed. The LOD technology was applied to adaptively adjust model accuracy through viewing distance, reducing the computational burden of rendering while optimizing the smoothness of interaction. By comparing traditional design methods and VR+LOD design methods, corresponding improvement effects were evaluated in aspects such as design comprehensiveness, visibility and spatial effect. The results showed that VR design methods based on LOD optimization scored significantly higher on comprehensiveness (94.12), visibility (95.52) and spatial effect (96.11) than traditional design methods (81.73, 81.05 and 81.10). LOD technology effectively reduced the burden of VR rendering, improved the efficiency of model loading, made the interaction in the virtual environment smoother for users, and enhanced spatial perception and design intuitiveness. The study proves the optimization role of LOD technology in VR home design, providing a more efficient visualization and interaction solution for smart home design. The research results not only provide theoretical and practical support for the application of VR technology in home design, but also prove that the LOD optimization method can effectively reduce design communication costs, improve user experience, and promote the development of smart home design towards a more precise and efficient direction.
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  Furniture Design Methods Based on Online Comment Relationship Extraction

  LU Jintong, LIN Qiuli, GENG Rui, SONG Jie, GUO Qiong, FANG Xiaoya

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 30-38. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.003

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  In response to the problems of small sample size, strong subjectivity, low efficiency, and fuzzy mapping in traditional sensory evaluation methods, the work aims to propose a sensory evaluation element recognition method based on CasRel relation extraction model and emotion dictionary to accurately mine users' emotional needs for furniture products. The feature descriptions and user evaluations of relevant products were widely collected through the Internet platform, and representative words were extracted by text mining technology and weight screening methods. On this basis, a relationship extraction model was constructed and trained to establish an "emotion-feature" automatic association system. The effectiveness of the model was validated through practical cases and the design optimization was guided. The trained model could efficiently and accurately identify the correspondence between user emotions and product features from a large number of comments, verifying the practical value of the method. The online comment relationship extraction method can efficiently mine user needs, provide data-driven decision support for furniture design, and significantly improve design efficiency and accuracy.
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  Designing and Evaluating Gesture Interaction for AR-Based Industrial Inspections

  ZHANG Fan, HUANG Xiaofeng, LOU Huanzhi, LI Tian

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 39-52. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.004

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  The work aims to construct and verify a natural gesture interaction scheme that balances intuitive cognition with ergonomic comfort to address the cognitive disconnect in interaction and the physiological fatigue associated with prolonged operations in industrial pipe gallery inspections using Augmented Reality (AR) headsets. Firstly, integrating Reality-Based Interaction (RBI) and ergonomics theories, an "Intuition-Ergonomics" dual-constraint interaction design model was constructed. Then, through task analysis, the core requirements of pipe gallery inspection were defined, and a "Wizard of Oz" experiment was conducted to elicit users instinctive intents. To address the fatigue effects caused by large-amplitude arm movements, a "micro-gesture" correction strategy was introduced, establishing a gesture set containing seven core actions. Finally, a "context simulation" experimental platform featuring physical pipe props was developed to empirically evaluate the scheme's intuitiveness, comfort, and task robustness within a mixed reality environment. Experimental data indicated high user acceptance, with an average overall usability score of 4.35 (SD=0.65) and a "willingness to use" score reaching 4.49. Notably, the "fingertip micro-manipulation" strategy significantly enhanced perceived comfort, effectively reconciling the conflict between operational intuitiveness and physiological load. The context-adaptive micro-gesture interaction scheme proposed in this study successfully validates a complete design paradigm spanning theoretical construction, strategy revision, and contextualized evaluation, providing theoretical and empirical support for the practical application of AR technology in the field of industrial inspection.
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  Intuitive Interaction Design of the Command Information System in the Multi-task Context

  YAN Yupeng, JIANG Ke

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 53-64. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.005

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  In command information systems, the interface design in vehicle-mounted small-space multi-task contexts presents a current academic challenge. In order to improve the operation performance of commanders, the work aims to apply the principle of intuitive interaction design to optimize the layout. Starting from the concept of command information system and the requirements of multi-task decision-making, the hybrid intelligence algorithm combining operation research optimization and genetic particle swarm was applied to solve the optimal layout of the system. The evaluation of the optimization scheme adopted eye movement test method, and the rationality and effectiveness of the optimization scheme were verified by the combined weight method. As a result, multiple tasks increased the difficulty of commanders' intelligence research and judgment and accurate decision-making, and direct interaction design promoted accurate cooperation between people and command information systems. In the command information system, the interface design in the multi-task context in the small space of the vehicle is a challenge currently faced by the academic community. The direct interaction design method focuses on the calculation of the importance and metaphor of the interaction elements, takes into account the balance, coordination and compatibility of the layout information, reduces the task complexity and cognitive load, and improves the efficiency of command decision-making. It has reference significance for the development and research of future command information systems and direct interaction design.
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  Virtual Simulation Experiment for Extravehicular Spacesuit Design Based on the ADDIE Model

  OUYANG Shuangping, YAO Xiang, LYU Ziwei, ZHOU Ning, GAN Yu, LI Yanlin, YU Xiangjie

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 65-72. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.006

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  Focusing on the innovative design of high-end aerospace equipment within the industrial design discipline, the work aims to develop a virtual simulation experiment platform for extravehicular spacesuits in space stations. The virtual simulation experiment platform was designed and developed based on the classic ADDIE instructional design model and teaching characteristics of design studies. Through the systematic process of "Analysis-Design-Development-Implementation-Evaluation", five key modules were constructed: functional learning, assembly practice, modeling design, color design, and human-suit validation. The platform effectively addressed the challenge of insufficient practical teaching resources in aerospace equipment industrial design programs, significantly enhancing students' practical skills and innovative thinking in spacesuit design. The virtual simulation experiment based on the ADDIE instructional model achieves an organic integration of classic teaching theory and modern educational technology, providing a valuable reference for the construction of virtual simulation platforms and the cultivation of high-end innovative design talents.
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  Dual-process Comparative Evaluation of Automotive Exterior Design Based on AHP-QFD

  DING Jian, SUN Bin

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 73-87. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.007

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  Addressing the inadequacy of scientific rigour in selecting evaluation metrics for preliminary automotive design proposals and meeting industry practicer equirements, the work aims to establish a quantitative evaluation system to validate the effectiveness of core indicators and compare differences between AI-assisted design processes and traditional design processes across core indicators, providing a theoretical basis for the intelligent transformation and improvement of design processes in the field of automotive styling design. Based on literature review and interview methods, 10 initial indicators were established, covering efficiency and effectiveness, design quality, user experience, and innovation ethics. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to calculate the weights of each indicator and screen core indicators. Through Quality Function Deployment (QFD), a House of Quality (HOQ) was constructed to achieve precise mapping between evaluation indicators and technical characteristics. Finally, comparative experiments were conducted to compare the differences between AI-assisted design processes and traditional design processes in terms of core indicators. AHP analysis indicated that "Emotional Experience Satisfaction" (weight 15.71%), "Ethical Compliance and Data Security" (weight 14.96%), and "Design Innovation" (weight 13.11%) were the top three core indicators. Empirical comparisons showed that the AI-assisted design process significantly outperformed the traditional design process in terms of "single-solution generation cycle" and "design innovation" while the traditional design process scored higher in the "Ethical Compliance and Data Security" dimension. The AHP evaluation system constructed in this study provides a scientific quantitative method for evaluating preliminary design schemes under both processes, validating the advantages of AI-assisted design processes in terms of efficiency and innovation. The research results offer quantitative evidence and targeted references for the intelligent optimization of automotive styling design processes and their practical implementation in the industry.
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  Age-based Preference Design of Mobile APPs for New Energy Vehicles Based on Kmeans-KANO Models

  WANG Yuxi, ZHOU Kai

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 88-99. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.008

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  Most current mobile APPs for new energy vehicles are designed based on generalized user needs, failing to address the diverse preferences of users at different ages. The work aims to establish a more targeted personalized design mechanism to improve user satisfaction. A Kmeans-KANO-based need analysis model based on references of users at different ages was proposed. Firstly, Natural-language user needs were collected and transformed into quantitative feature vectors via encoding. Then, Kmeans clustering was applied to identify distinct need patterns across user groups. In combination with the KANO model, functional preferences of the youth and middle-aged users were analyzed. Accordingly, differentiated APP optimization plans were formed, the key needs of young and middle-aged users were clearly identified, and functional modules and interactive interfaces that matched their needs were designed, significantly enhancing user satisfaction. It quantitatively reveals the influence of age differences on user needs. The proposed design framework enhances the personalized service capability of APPs and provides theoretical support and practical reference for product optimization.
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  Contact Point Optimization Design in Rehabilitation Training Service System

  CHEN Yujun, YANG Tao, XU Zheng, QIU Yongzheng, HOU Meijin

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 100-113. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.009

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  The work aims to explore corresponding optimization methods for rehabilitation training service touchpoints amid the accelerating trend of digital and intelligent healthcare platform development, thereby enhancing system service quality and user experience. Firstly, based on service design principles, comprehensive touchpoints throughout the rehabilitation training process were identified. A triangular fuzzy algorithm was employed in combination with the correction method to evaluate touchpoint satisfaction and importance by comprehensively considering user variability. Secondly, failure analysis was conducted on key touchpoints. Considering that failure causes under multiple demands involve both product functionality and human service dimensions, the functional hierarchy diagram model from Quality Function Deployment was embedded into FMEA. Combined with user perception evaluation, risk priority factors were calculated to generate a sequence of service failure analysis results. Finally, based on these results and integrating product functionality with human services, an optimization plan for the rehabilitation training service system was formulated and validated. With the upper limb rehabilitation training service process of a top-tier rehabilitation hospital as a case study for validation, the results demonstrated that this method effectively located 6 critical touchpoints, giving full consideration to two-way optimization of product functionality and human services, and significantly improving the satisfaction of failed touchpoints. In conclusion, the process can effectively identify key touchpoints, comprehensively consider failures caused by both product functionality and human services, provide optimization design insights for service touchpoints, ultimately enhance system service levels, improve user experience satisfaction, and offer methodological references for optimizing service design in complex systems such as rehabilitation training.
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  Research on Diabetes Community Medical Service Model from the Perspective of Value Co-creation

  WANG Fang, CHEN Xinghai, LI Hui, ZHOU Linlang

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 114-127. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.010

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  The work aims to optimize and improve the community chronic disease medical service system, and to construct a new model of diabetes community medical services with multi-subject participation and resource integration. In conducting the research, the optimization path of diabetes community medical services was first explored and proposed from the perspective of value co-creation. With the medical institutions in Haining City as an example, the quantitative and qualitative research methods were combined to conduct user surveys. Then, user pain points were identified and needs were extracted by means of user journey maps. On this basis, the medical service scenarios were divided into health care, medical treatment, and rehabilitation scenarios, and the system function transformation and service touchpoint identification were completed. Subsequently, the co-creation subjects of diabetes community medical services were defined, and the interactive relationships and contents among multiple subjects were discussed through design workshops. On the basis of clarifying the internal logic of co-creation, the value co-creation mechanism of diabetes community medical services was constructed and corresponding service design strategies were proposed, and the system design plan of diabetes community medical services was further completed. Through the research, it is found that the diabetes community medical service design based on value co-creation promotes resource integration and service exchange, which is conducive to improving the community's diabetes management ability, medical service quality, and patients' medical experience and participation. It provides research ideas and methods for the innovation of community chronic disease medical service models, provides references for the construction of China's hierarchical medical systems, and expands the service innovation context of the value co-creation theory.
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  Design of Stage Diet Management in Diabetic Patients Based on Behavior Change Theory

  YANG Sisi, CHENG Wenting, HUANG Liang, LIU Pengfei, YANG Siqi, YANG Sijie, YIN Zhelin

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 128-141. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.011

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  Diet management is the basis of diabetes treatment. The work aims to propose a "three-stage action chain" diet management design model for diabetic patients by introducing the behavioral change theory of behavioral psychology, to solve the problems of cognitive burden, operational complexity and poor compliance in diet management, so as to promote disease control and long-term health maintenance. Firstly, the feasibility of stage diet management design for diabetic patients was discussed from the perspective of the behavior change theory. Secondly, based on the stage change model in the behavior change theory, the behavioral stages of diabetes diet management and the corresponding design dimensions were deduced, and the "three-stage action chain" diet management design model was proposed for diabetes patients. Finally, it was explained and verified by combining design practice. In this paper, a "three-stage action chain" diet management design model for diabetic patients was constructed, that was, the trigger preparation stage, in which the design triggered the awareness of healthy diet; the action realization stage, in which the logic of healthy eating behavior was designed; and the maintenance reinforcement stage, in which healthy eating empathy feedback is designed and promoted, and diet management product design practice was carried out for diabetic patients under its guidance. Based on the behavior change theory, this study discusses the design of stage diet management for diabetic patients, which not only helps to improve the patients' ability of independent diet management, but also provides new ideas and practical reference for the research on the design of diabetic diet treatment.
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  Design of Home Rehabilitation Products for Alzheimer's Disease Patients

  QIU Yue, ZHAO Xiang

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 142-152. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.012

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  In response to the growing demand for home rehabilitation among Alzheimer's disease patients, the work aims to propose a design method for home rehabilitation products driven by context-aware theory. Firstly, the rehabilitation needs of AD patients were thoroughly explored based on context-aware theory, and AHP was employed to determine the weight of each need. Secondly, the "Need-Function-Technology" analysis was conducted through AD theory to derive design parameters and develop design concepts. Finally, TOPSIS was applied to evaluate and optimize the design schemes. The results indicated that the proposed method, integrating context-aware theory with AHP, AD, and TOPSIS, effectively aligns with the multi-contextual needs of AD patients, significantly enhancing user experience. This study validates the reliability and effectiveness of the proposed method and provides valuable insights for the development of similar rehabilitation products.
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  Design of Apps for Amblyopia Treatment in Children Based on the Kano-QFD Model

  GONG Li, WU Dapeng, LI Ze

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 153-161. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.013

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  The work aims to develop an amblyopia treatment App based on the Kano-QFD model, focusing on a comprehensive analysis of the needs of both children with amblyopia and their caregivers to design a user-centric and highly functional application. With the Kano model, an in-depth analysis and classification of user needs was conducted, identifying basic, performance, and excitement requirements. These user needs were then mapped into specific functional requirements through Quality Function Deployment (QFD), with a quantitative assessment of each function's relative importance to prioritize the most critical user needs. Additionally, the EPO usability model was applied to optimize the App's information architecture, interaction design, and visual interface, enhancing usability, practicality, and effectiveness. A design framework for a children's amblyopia treatment App based on the Kano-QFD model was successfully constructed. The resulting design framework effectively integrated user needs with functional requirements, providing a robust solution for a high-usability amblyopia treatment App.
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  Users' Intention to Continuously Use Generative AI Platforms Based on the Self-Determination Theory Perspective

  MI Gaofeng, HAN Meishen, LI Zixiang, YANG Xiaohui

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 162-174. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.014

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  The work aims to investigate the key factors and underlying mechanisms that influence users' intention to continuously use generative artificial intelligence (GAI) platforms in the context of emerging productive forces. Grounded in the Self-Determination Theory, the information systems success model and the expectation-confirmation model were integrated, and a set of relevant variables were incorporated to construct a theoretical framework and hypotheses in which users' basic psychological needs served as mediating factors. A questionnaire was developed based on an extensive literature review, and user data were subsequently collected from GAI platforms. Structural equation modeling was applied to analyze the sample data. The results revealed that technological optimization at the platform level reinforced users' basic psychological needs, thereby enhancing perceived usefulness and expectation confirmation, which ultimately exerted positive effects on user satisfaction and continuous use intention. This study elucidates how technological features of contemporary GAI platforms influence users' fundamental psychological needs, enriches understanding of users' content expectations on creative platforms, and provides a theoretical foundation for optimization of similar platforms with the Qwen platform as an example.
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  Design of News Experience System for Fostering Media Literacy

  JIANG Xina, CAI Jianing, HE Wei, ZHANG Xuejing, HU Chunkai, CHENG Wenxiao

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 175-182. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.015

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  The work aims to explore the role of digital news experience systems in enhancing media literacy, especially in the context of the post-truth era, and how to enhance the audience's information cognition and critical analysis ability through contextualized design. Based on the PLR method, a PNE framework for contextualized news experience design was constructed to cultivate media literacy. Based on this framework, a news experience product "Take Away" was independently developed, and then used as an experimental material to validate the effect on university students (n=68). "Take Away" can effectively enhance the audience's ability to receive news and critically analyze it. In conclusion, the practicality of the PNE framework is confirmed, indicating that the combination of interaction design and user research can effectively improve media literacy and provide a new way for media literacy education.
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  Virtual Experience Design Strategy for Cultural Heritage Based on Heritage Authenticity

  REN Hongwei, ZHU Guanda, LIU Lu, WANG Fenglin

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 183-190. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.016

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  Based on the concepts and issues in digital cultural heritage, the work aims to explore the feasibility of adopting heritage authenticity as a structural principle in virtual heritage experience, and the potential for authenticity-driven interaction to foster users' immersive experience. Through analyses of relevant theories and case studies in digital cultural heritage, virtual heritage experience, and heritage authenticity, the objective authenticity of cultural heritage objects and the achievement of perceived objective authenticity driven by immersive experience from the users' experience perspective were integrated, so as to construct an authenticity-oriented virtual experience design strategy for cultural heritage. With the virtual experience design practice of the Yuanjue Cave of Dazu Rock Carvings as an example, the effectiveness of the design strategy was verified through comparative experiments. Taking authenticity as a structural principle of virtual experience design and integrating it with technical characteristics can effectively demonstrate the historical, artistic, and scientific values of cultural heritage, and promote the popularization and communication of excellent traditional Chinese culture. Meanwhile, interactive experience design incorporating gamified interaction and immersive narrative can effectively help users achieve immersion in a cultural context, activate their perception of the historical, artistic, and scientific values of cultural heritage, and realize a bidirectional connection between cultural meaning and user experience.
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  Influencing Factors of Museum Digital and Intelligent Exhibition Design on Visitors' Cultural Memory Experience

  LIU Niannian, ZHAO Jingwen, ZHANG Junya, ZHAO Xinyi, WANG Yifan, LIU Weishang, GUO Qihan

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 191-205. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.017

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  The work aims to shift from a "technology-oriented" approach to a "visitor-oriented" approach, to explore how the design of digital and intelligent exhibitions in history museums influences the construction and experience of cultural memory from the perspective of visitor needs. A mixed methodology combining both qualitative and quantitative approaches was adopted. Firstly, the grounded theory was used to conduct three levels of coding on interview texts and a theoretical analysis framework was established for the factors influencing the cultural memory experience of museum visitors through digital and intelligent technologies. Subsequently, structural equation model was employed for the analysis and verification of multidimensional data. Through coding, three core categories and six main categories were identified. After testing, the findings showed that in the context of empowering history museums with digital and intelligent technologies, factors such as individual differences, presentation formats, emotional connections, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and cultural identity all influenced the cultural memory experience of visitors. The study uncovers the deeper mechanisms and relationships behind each variable and verifies six factors that influence the cultural memory experience of museum visitors under the empowerment of digital and intelligent technologies. It also offers feasible suggestions from four aspects: addressing differentiated cognitive needs, constructing a mixed-reality experience, optimizing exhibition narrative structure, and enhancing systematic technological support. This provides both theoretical and empirical references for the digital transformation of museums and the dynamic inheritance of cultural heritage.
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  Dynamic Characteristics Mechanism of Hunan-Jiangxi Red Cultural Resources from the Perspective of Machine Learning

  ZHANG Hua, HUANG Hao, TIAN Zhixuan

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 206-217. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.018

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  The work aims to take the red culture resources of Hunan and Jiangxi provinces as the object to explore the implications of assessment results for spatial layout and experience design to address the lack of systematic analysis of the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of resources and insufficient research on the correlation between input and output efficiency in traditional cultural heritage value assessment. Multi-source data on red culture in Hunan and Jiangxi provinces from 2014 to 2024 were collected. A three-dimensional assessment model of "Input-Efficiency-Optimization" (IEO) including five dimensions of resource input, economic benefits, social benefits, cultural inheritance, and sustainable development was constructed. A corresponding indicator system was formed, and a dynamic efficiency prediction framework based on a spatiotemporal weight matrix was proposed by combining random forest feature importance analysis and spatial econometrics. Results showed that the random forest model performed best (R²=0.925 4), and the correlation between resource input and comprehensive efficiency was the strongest (r=0.876, P<0.01). Sustainable development and cultural heritage protection were the dominant features of efficiency improvement. The evolution of resource efficiency showed an "S-shaped" pattern with an input-output time lag of about 1-2 years. The spatial pattern showed a "core-periphery" concentric structure, and the synergistic gain was significant when the number of cross-regional cooperation projects reached 25. In conclusion, the machine learning-driven IEO three-dimensional evaluation model provides a quantitative basis for the allocation of red culture resources and translates it into an integrated design principle of "commemorative nodes-narrative tourism-service network" for red culture in Hunan and Jiangxi provinces, providing a methodological reference for the spatial layout, configuration of experiential elements and dynamic adaptive design of red culture.
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  Design Elements Influencing User Experience Evaluation in Hainan's Tourism Cultural and Creative Products

  JIANG Yujie, LYU Jiefeng, LIU Jing

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 218-230. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.019

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  The work aims to explore the key design elements influencing user experience evaluation in Hainan's tourism cultural and creative products and propose targeted design optimization strategies, to enhance the market competitiveness and user recognition of Hainan's cultural and creative products and promote the innovation and high-quality development of the tourism cultural and creative industry in Hainan. Initially, factor analysis was used to cluster six critical factors influencing users' satisfaction with Hainan's tourism cultural and creative products along with the magnitude of their effects. Subsequently, the Kano model was applied to analyze the specific impacts of key design elements on users' satisfaction. The factor analysis and Kano model revealed that culture, emotion, and innovation were the critical factors influencing users' satisfaction with Hainan's tourism cultural and creative products. Design elements such as excellent craftsmanship and practical functionality formed the foundation. Aesthetic design and local traditional skills were key areas for optimization. Interactive experiences, cultural heritage, and green environmental protection were new highlights that attracted users. Four design optimization strategies are proposed: ensuring foundational quality and enhancing sensory experiences, deepening the exploration of cultural connotations with innovative expression, strengthening emotional value and shaping uniqueness, and adhering to green sustainable development. Through design practice, the feasibility of these research findings has been further verified, providing theoretical and empirical support for the design optimization of Hainan's cultural and creative products.
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  Design Methodology of Cultural and Creative Products Based on User-Generated Content

  XU Zhengwen, LIU Jian, LIU Jia'ang, LI Mengnan

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 231-243. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.020

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  The work aims to propose a cultural and creative product design methodology based on the LDA topic model to enhance the innovation and design efficiency of such products while providing theoretical support for the integration of the cultural and creative industry chain from a systemic perspective. With 50 cultural and creative products sold by the Palace Museum as samples, online reviews from users were collected via Python programming. A similarity algorithm was employed to expand the review dataset, which was then processed and trained with the LDA topic model. The number of topics was determined to be six based on perplexity and coherence curves. High-frequency words under each topic were manually summarized into themes, which were subsequently incorporated as indicators into the proposed cultural and creative product design methodology. Through the LDA topic model training, six themes are identified and summarized: CMF design, product packaging, cultural connotation, product categories, sales mechanisms, and product services. The deficiencies in the design of existing cultural and creative products under these six themes are analyzed and an effective design methodology is developed for cultural and creative products.
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  Design of Interactive Products for Teaching Chaozhou Embroidery Techniques through Digital Technology Empowerment

  TANG Xiaoying, ZHOU Xinyun, ZENG Yongle, LU Yeshi, GAO Yan

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 244-254. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.021

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  The work aims to lower the threshold for learning Chaozhou embroidery, guide users to gain a deeper understanding of Chaozhou embroidery through practical operations, and reduce users' learning costs by integrating and innovating the production process of Chaozhou embroidery with digital technology, thereby promoting the cultural dissemination of Chaozhou embroidery. Based on the four elements of constructivism as a methodology, a design plan for digital teaching of Chaozhou embroidery was proposed, aiming to create situations, facilitate communication, and provide practical experiences. A Chaozhou embroidery image database was established to decompose the production process of Chaozhou embroidery into multiple dynamic and visualizable steps. Cameras and projectors were adopted for height detection of raised embroidery, and path detection combined with instant voice feedback was employed to correct users' incorrect operations. From the perspectives of vision, hearing, and touch, a multimodal interaction was constructed. With this product, users could acquire a basic grasp of Chaozhou embroidery skills. Step-by-step projections made complex techniques easy to understand. Height detection for raised embroidery retained the distinctive features of Chaozhou embroidery, making the works even more exquisite. Path comparison and real-time feedback improved learning accuracy. Experimental results showed that this product had significant advantages in enhancing teaching effectiveness, attracting young people's interest, and promoting the inheritance of intangible cultural heritage. This study combines interactive projection technology with Chaozhou embroidery, breaking through the limitations of traditional embroidery teaching and achieving cross-border cooperation between digital art and traditional crafts. It stimulates the public's interest in Chaozhou embroidery and provides an innovative approach for the inheritance of intangible cultural heritage.
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  Human Thermal Comfort Design of Bedding Micro Climate for Sleep Health

  LI Jiangyong, PENG Ziting, LIANG Wen, HUANG Shaowei, HU Xiaolu, CAO Wan, GAN Yu

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 255-268. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.022

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  To address the lack of accurate temperature design standard in the local heating scheme of intelligent mattress and other products, the work aims to explore the thermal comfort temperature range of human body in the bedding micro climate to improve the sleep health level. In this experiment, 20 healthy adults (half male and half female) were subjected to multi gradient local heating on the back and feet in a 12 ℃ artificial climate chamber. The subjective thermal response (TSV, TCV, TAV) and objective physiological parameters (LF/HF in MST, HRV) were simultaneously collected, and systematically quantified by statistical analysis and regression fitting. The results showed that local heating significantly improved the overall thermal sensation, and was positively correlated with the heating temperature. The effect of back heating to improve thermal comfort was better than that of feet. There was a significant difference in heat demand between men and women, and women were more sensitive to temperature. The study quantified that the comfort zone of the back of all subjects was 37.4~39.5 ℃ (neutral 38.8 ℃), and the comfort zone of the feet was 38.7~40.9 ℃ (neutral 40.5 ℃). The temperature of male backs was 37.1~40.2 ℃ (neutral 38.8 ℃) and that of feet was 37.5~40.6 ℃ (neutral 39.7 ℃). The temperature of female backs was 37.5~39.9 ℃ (neutral 38.9 ℃) and that of the feet was 39.5~42.1 ℃ (neutral 41.0 ℃), and the analysis of physiological parameters further verified the validity of this interval. Local heating in the bedding micro climate can effectively improve thermal comfort, with significant gender differences observed. Back heating outperforms foot heating in both comfort and energy efficiency. Through the integration of subjective and objective data, this study identifies comfortable temperature ranges tailored to different genders, providing a scientific basis for the zonal temperature control design of smart sleep products.
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  Design of Wireless Earphones Based on Application of AHP-KE in AIGC Prompt Engineering

  WANG Mingyang, JIA Shuyue, WEI Wu

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 269-278. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.023

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  The work aims to use Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Kansei Engineering (KE) as design decision analysis and system evaluation methods to provide appropriate input information for Artificial Intelligence Generated Content (AIGC), thereby improving the accuracy and credibility of generated content, verifying the feasibility of applying the AHP-KE method to AIGC prompt engineering, and improving the homogenization problem and emotional deficiency of current wireless earphone products through this method, enhancing product strength and economic benefits. Firstly, AHP was used to determine the weight of the design objectives of wireless earphone products and extract functional requirement indicators. Secondly, KE was used to extract users' emotional demand indicators for the product. Finally, Midjourney was used to transform the obtained demand indicators into specific design solutions, and the improved design solutions were compared and verified with the original samples. The practical results showed that the AHP-KE method provided scientific decision-making and evaluation support for the design of wireless earphone products. Through comparative verification, the new product obtained by combining this method with AIGC tool improved the emotional intention of the original sample and gained the favor of the respondents. In conclusion, the combination of AHP-KE and AIGC tools has significant advantages in improving the quality and efficiency of product design, providing an innovative and effective design approach and practical example for AIGC prompt engineering.
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  Design and Evaluation of bus passenger station Waiting Seats Based on FKM-AHP-EWM-TOPSIS Model

  HE Huaxue, ZHANG Mengqi

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 279-290. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.024

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  The work aims to propose a comprehensive model based on FKM-AHP-EWM-TOPSIS and apply it to the design and evaluation of waiting seats in bus passenger stations to improve the scientificity of product design. Firstly, the original design demand pool was obtained through user interviews and KJ method, and the design demands were classified by category attributes through FKM. Then, the subjective and objective combination weights of each design demand were calculated based on AHP and EWM. On this basis, the weight fusion function was introduced to integrate the user satisfaction opinions into the final weight of design demands, so as to integrate multiple demands to guide the scheme design. Finally, TOPSIS was used to rank the design schemes of three waiting seats and one existing seat in bus passenger stations, and identify the best scheme. The application of the FKM-AHP-EWM-TOPSIS model to the design and analysis of waiting seats in bus passenger stations can not only effectively design waiting seats that meet users' needs and expectations, meet users' multiple demands, but also identify the best scheme from many design schemes, providing decision-making basis for designers in the design process of waiting seats in bus passenger stations. At the same time, the analysis method of integrating subjective and objective multidimensional data makes the determination process of weight more reasonable, and can better test the pertinence and effectiveness of the design scheme.
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  Innovative Design of Shared Smart Lockers Based on Kano-AHP-TRIZ Model

  YANG Jiayi, ZHANG Jie, LIU Liping, WANG Chenlu, WEI Kexin, HE Yanling, XIA Yutong

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 291-300. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.025

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  The work aims to explore in depth the actual needs of users for shared smart locker products, and then design more practical products, so as to improve user satisfaction. The Kano-AHP-TRIZ integrated method was adopted to design shared smart lockers. Firstly, the diverse needs of users using lockers were obtained through research, and the Kano model was used to classify these needs into attributes; Secondly, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to construct a needs evaluation system, calculate the weight of each need category, and carry out the design of multiple solutions based on the priority; Finally, the TRIZ innovation theory was used to summarize the principles of the design solutions to solve the problems encountered in the design of the product, and a comprehensive evaluation of the design solutions was carried out. And the design solutions were comprehensively evaluated. The practice of designing shared smart lockers by combining the above methods achieved remarkable results, which not only improved the richness and accuracy of user use, but also clearly and systematically analyzed the needs of the target users and their degree of importance, effectively reduced the subjective bias of the designers, and enhanced the objectivity of the design evaluation. In conclusion, by integrating the Kano-AHP-TRIZ integration method, it is able to accurately analyze the user needs, determine the focus of the needs, and accurately locate the contradiction between the user and the product, which provides new ideas and references for the design of the related shared smart lockers.
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  Design Strategy and Practice of Public Furniture in Intangible Cultural Heritage Villages Based on the KANO Model

  RONG Zhenting, PI Yongsheng, ZHANG Xuran

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 301-311. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.026

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  As an important field for carrying rural culture, intangible cultural heritage villages are also a key field for cultivating new quality productivity of rural culture. The work aims to explore how to enhance the cultural atmosphere and spatial efficiency of intangible cultural heritage villages by enhancing the functionality and cultural attributes of rural public furniture. The KANO model was innovatively utilized to provide practical guidance for cultural space theory, transcending the limitations of traditional single quantification, deconstructing users' implicit cultural demands through in-depth interviews based on the grounded theory, and combining the priority of KANO questionnaire quantitative functional attributes to construct a dynamic design strategy of "demand stratification-cultural translation-material adaptation". The integration of functional improvement and cultural enhancement demands into KANO's five dimensions for precise design significantly improved the quality of public furniture in Tutao intangible cultural heritage villages of Kashi, reshaping the cultural attributes of intangible cultural heritage village space. This study adapts the KANO model to the context of intangible cultural heritage and constructs a methodological framework of "precise deconstruction of demands-cultural symbol translation-design verification iteration", providing a replicable interdisciplinary research paradigm for the spatial activation of similar intangible cultural heritage villages.
Visual Communication Design
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  Application of the KE-AHP Method and the Generative AI in the Packaging Design of Sweet Potatoes from the Taihang Mountains, Henan

  JIA Yu, WU Wei

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 312-321. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.027

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  In response to the growing demands for visual aesthetics and emotional resonance in agricultural product packaging design within the modern consumer market, the work aims to leverage the AI design tool Midjourney to explore and generate packaging solutions that align with market needs. With sweet potato packaging as a case study, the Kansei engineering (KE) was combined with the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) for a comprehensive evaluation. KE was used to explore the emotional intent elements of consumers regarding sweet potato packaging, while AHP was employed to quantify and rank these emotional and functional needs, providing a critical basis for guiding design practice and decision-making. By combining insights from KE, AHP's needs ranking, and Midjourney's design generation capabilities, the resulting packaging design met consumers' expectations for both visual appeal and functionality. Nevertheless, the study also highlighted certain limitations of AI design tools in addressing design details. The findings demonstrate that the effective integration of KE and AHP provides Midjourney with precise and systematic design inputs, significantly enhancing the controllability and rationality of design outcomes. This not only validates the integration of quantified design needs with AI technology but also offers new methodological insights and practical strategies for enhancing agricultural product packaging design, thereby improving market competitiveness and brand image.
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  Emotional Design of Shanghai Style AR Interactive Packaging Based on Kano Model

  WANG Jing, XU Jinyang, WU Liang

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 322-336. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.028

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  To address the current market issues of Shanghai style packaging such as aging visual identities, lack of cultural affect, and weak interactivity, the work aims to take Generation Z as the research population and draw on the Kano model and emotional design theory to determine consumption priorities, and develop a Shanghai style themed AR interactive packaging solution. An empathy map was used to construct a behavioural profile of Generation Z. In line with the emotional design theory, affective factors were identified at the visceral, behavioural and reflective levels, followed by the administration of a Kano questionnaire. The Kano model was then applied to prioritise the questionnaire results and to categorise the attributes of affective requirements. Finally, combined with the Better-Worse coefficients, a four-quadrant analysis was constructed to rank the importance of Generation Z's affective needs. Based on Generation Z's preferences, visual elements such as Shanghai style cultural motifs and colour were optimised, and a complete proposal was delivered, comprising packaging and product design, an AR interactive animation design practice, and an evaluation of the solution. The findings indicate that the Kano model and emotional design theory are applicable to Shanghai style AR interactive packaging design and offer a transferable approach for the affective translation of other regional cultures within the digital domain.
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  Construction and Design of IPs in Port Cities by Socially Engaged Art

  WANG Zeyi, SI Yali, LIU Weishang, HE Yan, CHEN Yu

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 337-350. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.029

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  The work aims to explore strategies and practices of socially engaged art in construction and design of IPs in port cities to enhance public engagement in urban spiritual culture construction. Based on socially engaged art mechanisms and the Kano model, intervention demands for socially engaged art in port cities were analyzed and urban IP construction paths through multi-type participants, multi-level structures, and multi-directional visual imagery were refined. By integrating theories of communicable cities, cross-media narrative, and collective memory, three-dimensional design strategies were proposed, encompassing multi-construction of port physical space, participatory perception of spiritual space, and visual translation of humanistic space. With Qinhuangdao's Xigang Garden IP Project as a case study, these strategies were validated. Through participatory fieldwork, collaborative frameworks, goal-setting, and visual design, the effectiveness of urban IP construction and design application was demonstrated. Socially engaged art intervention in the construction and design of IPs in port cities provides reference significance for effectively enhancing the attractiveness of port cities and promoting their cultural innovation and development, while also facilitating broader public engagement in urban cultural development.
Design Discussion
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  Research Review on Smart Product Service System Design from the Perspective of Embodied Intelligence

  CHU Dongxiao, WANG Kang, LUO Li

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 351-362. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.030

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  The work aims to introduce embodied intelligence into product service system design, shift from single product thinking to systemic service thinking, and build a new ecology of smart product service system (SPSS) development with technology-driven intelligent service robots as the core. Quantification theory III was employed to organize the literature on embodied intelligence and a planar distribution map was obtained by visualizing the extracted key words in a scatter plot. Furthermore, key word groups were classified through cluster analysis, and themes were identified to analyze the current development status of embodied intelligence's intervention in product service system design. Finally, combined with the development status and existing pattern of embodied intelligence, the new research growth point after the intervention of embodied intelligence in product service system design was proposed and expounded. The existing theoretical research and practical exploration in the field of embodied intelligence technology and its application in product service system design showed a pattern of production, learning, research and application, indicating a development trend from the construction of theoretical paradigm to the expansion of practical fields, from single-disciplinary vertical breakthrough to multidisciplinary cross-integration, and from single product development to product service system and smart product service system design. In the face of increasingly complex social needs, the smart product service system (SPSS), as a systemic solution integrating product and service elements under the service-oriented logic paradigm, will become an important part of future design and development. As far as design is concerned, comprehensive literacy-oriented in-depth design education, ethical and safety-oriented embodied intelligent system development, and natural and intuitive multi-modal human-computer interaction are becoming the focus in the innovative design of smart product service systems.
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  A Meta-synthesis Study of Telecommunication Fraud in the Elderly and Design Intervention Path for Anti-fraud and Fraud Prevention

  GU Li, WANG Chuyan, GAO Xun

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 363-372. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.031

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  The work aims to systematically sort out and thoroughly review the current research status of telecommunication fraud in the elderly, explore the mechanism of fraud, influencing factors and anti-fraud prevention in the elderly, and analyze and design the practical paths to empower the elderly in anti-fraud prevention. A theory-generation meta-synthesis method was used to systematically sort out and summarize 76 Chinese and English literature, presenting five core research areas: the attribute characteristics of the defrauded, the process of persuasion, the characteristics of the defrauder, the construction of telecommunication fraud prevention models, and the validation of the effectiveness of anti-fraud interventions. This study focused on analyzing the research progress and logical connection of telecommunication fraud among the elderly, constructing a basic research framework, and deriving a path for design to empower anti-fraud and fraud prevention for the elderly. In conclusion, the current research progress focuses on the study of the elderly being defrauded. Although the research all refers to providing theoretical support and revelations for anti-fraud and fraud prevention practices, there is weak correlation between the study of being defrauded and anti-fraud and fraud prevention practices. Design paths and strategies are proposed to empower anti-fraud advocacy practices to guard the elderly's property security and mental health and to contribute to positive aging.
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  Design Methods for Ubiquitous Intelligent Medical Products Based on the Concept of "Patient-Provider Alignment"

  YANG Dawei, QUAN Lei

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 373-393. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.032

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  With the widespread application of intelligent technologies in the medical field, the rapid technological advancements have significantly strengthened the "medical barrier" between doctors and patients, particularly elderly patients with chronic diseases. The work aims to explore the core technological direction for helping elderly patients with chronic diseases adapt to intelligent medical methods, based on the design research and application of ubiquitous intelligent medical products, so as to bridge the technological synchronization problem between patients and doctors. An in-depth analysis was conducted to the design method of ubiquitous intelligent medical products. Through literature review and case studies, the differences in needs and interaction mechanisms between doctors and patients were analyzed, proposing a complete set of "Patient-Provider Alignment" design principles and implementation strategies and exploring how to narrow the gap in needs between doctors and patients and optimize the medical service experience through the application of ubiquitous intelligent medical products. This study, combining four design principles for ubiquitous intelligent medical products for elderly patients with chronic diseases, produced a theoretical framework and design method for "Patient-Provider Alignment". Innovative solutions were proposed to current challenges, providing theoretical reference and practical guidance for the future design of ubiquitous intelligent medical products for chronic diseases. By constructing a ubiquitous intelligent healthcare product design method based on the concept of "Patient-Provider Alignment", the study adopts ubiquitous intelligent healthcare products as a medium to bridge the gap between doctors and patients regarding technological ethics, rebuild doctor-patient trust in the digital age, and improve the quality and efficiency of intelligent healthcare for elderly patients with chronic diseases.
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  Evaluation Method for Sustainable Design of Hearing Aid Products Based on the Entropy Weight and TOPSIS Method

  YAO Shanliang, TAO Jun, KE Chao

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 394-404. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.033

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  To strengthen the index system for evaluating the sustainable design of hearing aid products and minimize the subjective factors in index weighting, the work aims to propose a method based on entropy weight and the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). Through an extensive literature review, an all-round and quantifiable sustainable design evaluation index system was established, covering the economic, social, and environmental dimensions. Different from the existing methods by which the initial evaluation matrix was obtained through subjective evaluation, the initial judgment matrix was obtained through quantitative calculation. Then, index weights were determined by means of the entropy weight method, and the TOPSIS method was utilized to prioritize the schemes. The analysis revealed that the third set of schemes was the optimal one. This evaluation model can be applied to assess the sustainability of hearing aid product schemes, effectively reducing the subjective influences in the decision-making process, and offering a more scientific evaluation of design schemes with a significant degree of adaptability.
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  Design of Virtual Driving Simulator Based on Dual-process Theory

  YE Dehui, DAI Xiaorou, DUAN Dong

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 405-412. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.034

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  The work aims to construct a design framework that enables accurate mapping of user needs and efficient iteration of design innovations, thereby developing virtual driving simulators that better meet market needs, so as to address the dual challenges of insufficient mining of users' emotional needs and the lack of need mapping mechanisms in the design of virtual driving simulators. Based on the Dual-Process Theory, a collaborative design framework was established. System 1 (intuitive process) employed Kansei Engineering (KE) to deconstruct the emotional imagery in users' subconsciousness and extract metaphorical need conditions. System 2 (logical process) relied on the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to translate emotional needs into quantifiable design elements, and the Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation (FCE) was used to screen design schemes and make multi-objective optimization decisions. The emotional needs of users were translated into product design elements, achieving collaboration between intuition and logic. Considering each element item in practical applications could make the design process more efficient. The scientific validity and effectiveness of the Dual-Process Theory in the design of virtual driving simulators are verified. The KE in System 1 effectively captures users' intuitive feelings and emotional needs, while the fuzzy hierarchical analysis in System 2 provides scientific quantification and decision-making support for these emotional needs. This helps balance the emotional design and rational analysis of the product, making the design process more systematic and scientific.
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  Practical Research on AIGC Technology in the Design of Sanxingdui Cultural and Creative Products under the Background of Digital Intelligence Empowerment

  LIN Yi, LI Jing

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 413-420. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.035

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  The work aims to explore the practical significance of AIGC technology in Sanxingdui cultural and creative product design against the background of digital-intelligence empowerment, promote the industrial upgrading of and digital transformation of cultural and creative products, take advantage of the innovative benefits of AIGC technology in terms of design tools, design methods, and presentation forms for the design paradigms of cultural and creative products, and seize the opportunity it brings to the digital development of Sanxingdui cultural and creative product design. Based on the current development of AIGC technology and its application in cultural and creative product design, literature research and survey methods were applied to examine the impact of AIGC technology on the practice of cultural and creative product design, and the case study method was applied to analyze its promotional role in the digital and intelligent development of Sanxingdui cultural and creative product design. In the context of digital and intelligent empowerment, Sanxingdui cultural and creative product design should deeply root in its own cultural resources, leverage AIGC technology to drive digital and intelligent development, and realize the digital transformation of Sanxingdui cultural and creative products.
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  Optimization Strategies of Tianjin Tourism Cultural and Creative Products Based on Scenario Translation of Cultural Genes

  WANG Yimin, ZHANG Yi, YANG Yong

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 421-435. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.036

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  In view of the problems existing in Tianjin tourism cultural and creative products, such as superficial translation, fragmented scenario adaptation, and inefficient intelligent application, the work aims to explore the optimization path based on the scenario translation of cultural genes, to enhance the regional cultural value and market competitiveness of Tianjin cultural and creative products. Based on the orientation of scenario demand, a ternary cognitive decoding framework of "symbol layer - memory layer - practice layer" was constructed and a hierarchical scenario translation model of "basic layer - improvement layer - breakthrough layer" was established. Combined with the genealogical construction of Jin-style cultural genes and the analysis of typical cases, precise design strategies were put forward, which were verified through the empowerment of technologies such as AIGC and the design practices of series like "Impression of Jincheng" and "Yuhuchun". The effectiveness of the strategy paradigm of "gene decoding - scenario adaptation - technology empowerment" effectively solved the problems of insufficient transformation of cultural value and fragmented experience. The research provides an operable theoretical model and practical path for the optimization and upgrading of Tianjin cultural and creative products, and also offers a reference for the activation of urban culture and the optimized development of cultural and creative industries.
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  Construction Mechanism of Cognitive Schema in the Development of Cultural and Creative Products from Ancient Books

  WANG Tongwu, SU Yan, QIU Zhihao

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 436-447. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.037

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  To address the challenges of developing cultural and creative products from ancient books, including high cognitive barriers and difficult content transformation in the new era, the work aims to construct systematic knowledge translation mechanism. Based on the grounded theory methodology, the products from the National Library of China's Tmall store were taken as samples to construct a three-dimensional cognitive schema model encompassing "content, structure, and atmosphere". The schema followed a progressive path from "cognitive matching" through "breakthrough" to "internalization". Content schema activated knowledge matching via need stimulation, structure schema achieved breakthroughs through interactive experiences, and atmosphere schema fostered cultural identity through contextual creation. These dimensions formed a systematic knowledge transformation framework. This formation mechanism of cognitive schema breaks through the limitation that traditional cultural and creative product development focuses on "formal cognition", expands the application boundary of cognitive schema theory in the cultural and creative field, and provides a systematic transformation strategy from content presentation to deep cognition for the development of cultural and creative products from ancient books.
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  Design of Traditional Folklore Tourism Cultural and Creative Products Based on the KE-ISM-AHP Model

  HE Lu, LI Ling, ZHI Zi

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 448-460. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.038

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  In response to insufficient emotional expression and homogenization of innovative design of traditional folklore tourism cultural and creative products in the context of the deep integration of culture and tourism, the work aims to explore a comprehensive design method combining perceptual engineering, interpretive structural model and hierarchical analysis method. The emotional needs of users for traditional cultural symbols were deeply explored through perceptual engineering, the hierarchical relationship of each element was sorted out by the interpretive structural model, and the hierarchical analysis method was used to evaluate the weights and prioritize the need factors. Finally, the trinity innovative design process of "need clustering-hierarchical dismantling-weighting analysis" was formed. The process was verified with actual cultural and creative design cases. A traditional folk tourism cultural and creative design framework based on user needs was constructed, and an innovative strategy integrating emotional needs, personalized needs and ease of use was proposed. The study proves that the integration of perceptual engineering, interpretive structural model and hierarchical analysis method can realize more accurate need analysis and strategy formulation in the field of traditional folklore cultural and creative design, which provides a new theoretical basis and design reference for the subsequent development of cultural and creative industries.
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  Design of Yellow River Colored Pottery Cultural Teapot Based on KE-PSO-MLP Model

  LI Jing, LIU Wensi, CHEN Xuhui

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 461-471. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.039

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  The work aims to design a teapot with Yellow River colored pottery culture characteristics to meet the emotional needs of users. The Kansei Engineering (KE) method was used to quantify the relationship between teapot features and users' affective cognition, and a mapping model was established. Combined with the PSO-MLP model method of the optimized particle swarm optimization algorithm, the nonlinear relationship between the characteristics of the teapot and the user's affective cognition was learned, and the optimal curve was fitted, and the users' affective cognition was accurately predicted according to the training model. In conclusion, the predictive design model can predict the nonlinear relationship between the characteristics of the teapot and the user's cognition efficiently and accurately, and the design scheme has a high user satisfaction. The design framework provides a new perspective for furniture design, and is expected to promote the innovation and technological progress of home design in the new era.
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  Application of Nostalgic Elements in Modern Cultural and Creative Products

  ZHAO Xinyu

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 472-475. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.040

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  The work aims to explore the application of nostalgic elements in modern cultural and creative product design, analyze the characteristics of nostalgic elements and the hierarchical structure of nostalgic emotional design and study the expression of nostalgic elements in cultural and creative product design, to provide reference for designers' cultural and creative product design and better utilize nostalgic elements to enhance product competitiveness. Research methods such as literature review and case analysis were used to gain a detailed understanding of nostalgic elements, as well as emotional design theory and the application of nostalgic elements. Nostalgic elements can not only evoke beautiful memories and enhance emotional resonance among consumers, but also increase the attractiveness and purchase intention of products. In addition, the application of nostalgic elements should be combined with modern design, emphasizing innovation and personalization to meet the needs of different consumers. In the future, designers and businesses can further tap into the potential of nostalgic elements, using symbols, scenes, and narratives to express nostalgia in design and enhance the market competitiveness of cultural and creative products.
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  Modern Soft Decoration Pattern Regeneration Design Based on Visual Dynamics Theory and Shape Grammar

  WANG Shuxin, MA Hongbo, SUN Jing

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 476-485. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.041

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  The work aims to explore how to promote the modern transformation of cultural relics patterns in museums by combining visual dynamics theory and shape grammar, especially in the field of soft decorative design, so as to solve the problem of homogenization of traditional patterns in modern design and promote the innovative application of cultural heritage. With the "Golden Bowl with Mandarin Ducks and Lotus Petal Patterns" from the Tang Palace Secret Collection of the Shaanxi History Museum as the object of study, eye movement experiments were carried out to collect visual feedback from users and patterns were analyzed and deduced in combination with the shape grammar to explore the design method of transforming the traditional pattern into modern soft decoration by combining experiments and design practice. The eye movement experimental data revealed users' visual concerns and preferences for patterns, providing guidance for optimizing pattern design and visual experience. Sample patterns were finally extracted and innovatively extrapolated, and the validity and feasibility of the innovative design scheme were verified by combining with product design practice. Through practice, the validity of the application of visual dynamics theory and shape grammar in the transformation of traditional patterns is verified, and new ideas are provided for the innovative application of traditional cultural elements in modern design. The study shows that the integration of traditional patterns into modern soft decoration design can not only realize cultural heritage, but also promote design innovation and meet the aesthetic needs of modern space.
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  Cross-media Narration and Design of Fushun Manchu Ground Yangko, a National-Level Intangible Cultural Heritage

  BAN Ningqiu, JIN Banyi

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 486-501. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.042

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  The work aims to take the Manchu ground yangko, a national intangible cultural heritage as an object to break through its inheritance challenges by cross-media narrative and design strategies, so as to achieve innovative transformation of cultural values and enhanced dissemination. Based on five core narrative elements: people, events, objects, scenes, and environments, and guided by cross-media narrative, the cultural connotations of Manchu ground yangko were deeply analyzed. At the "people" level, it focused on performers and audience characteristics; at the "events" level, it examined performance gestures and expressions; at the "objects" level, it explored cultural symbols like costumes and props; at the "scenes" level, it reflected hunting and military cultures as well as life aspirations; at the "environments" level, it emphasized temporal and spatial features. Through the KANO model, these elements were deconstructed to refine distinctive IP images. Strategies such as posters, emoticons, and online-offline integration were used in combination with physical cultural derivatives to construct a multi-dimensional narrative system. Cross-media narrative effectively activated the cultural genes of Manchu ground yangko, breaking geographical and generational barriers to reach broader audiences. By establishing a cross-media narrative logic centered on people, events, objects, scenes, and environments, this study designs Manchu ground yangko IP images. The integration of posters, emoticons, and physical cultural derivatives opens innovative pathways for heritage preservation, provides reference models for sustainable development of intangible cultural heritage, revitalizes traditional culture in modern media ecosystems, and empowers the cultural tourism industry.
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  Visual Image Design of Jiajiang Bamboo Paper Brand from the Perspective of Intangible Cultural Heritage

  FU Xuejia, XIANG Li

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 502-517. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.043

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  The work aims to investigate the value connotation and practical pathways of brand visual image design for the inheritance of traditional craft and regional cultural-economic development of Jiajiang bamboo paper from the perspective of intangible cultural heritage. Through systematic documentation of the craft's historical evolution, supplemented by questionnaire surveys and SWOT analysis, a three-tiered cultural framework was employed to collate and refine the cultural genealogy of intangible heritage, extract user-specific key words, and establish design requirement metrics. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was then utilized to construct evaluation matrices and conduct weight analysis to guide the design scheme. Findings revealed that the raw materials and traditional making craftsmanship of Jiajiang bamboo paper were key factors influencing its brand image design. The selection of visual elements in design practice should therefore center around these aspects. Through the design practice of the Jiajiang bamboo paper brand image, it has not only been better integrated into public life but also enriched the intangible cultural heritage foundation of the Jiajiang region. The AHP adopted in this study provides a core design methodology, ensuring the objectivity and effectiveness of the design solution, thereby offering a replicable model and pathway for the visual identity innovation of other intangible cultural heritage brands.
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  Design of Express Packaging with Reduced Plastic Usage in Response to the "New Plastic Limit Order"

  GUO Han, KE Shenghai

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 518-526. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.044

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  To effectively tackle the environmental pollution caused by plastics in express packaging, as mandated by the "new plastic limit order", the work aims to find good ways to lessen plastic usage in express packaging design. By clearly defining the requirements and standards for "plastic reduction" in industry, relevant solutions and design methods were proposed to address the challenges encountered during the process of reducing plastic in express packaging. From a design perspective, the design strategies for reducing plastic in express packaging were systematically explored, emphasizing the development and application of alternative materials, design of non-plastic products for express packaging, research and development of circular sharing packaging systems, and establishment of recycling systems. Through practical design implementation, the feasibility of reducing plastic usage in express packaging is verified. This approach not only introduces new forms of design for express packaging but also offers innovative solutions from a fresh perspective to address environmental pollution resulting from plastic use in this industry. Ultimately, these efforts will within the field of green-oriented express packaging.
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  Transformation of Modern Packaging Design with Song Brocade Patterns through the Dual Drivers of Semiotics and Extenics

  SHI Chunsheng, XIE Dandan

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 527-538. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.045

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  To address the core challenges in adapting traditional Song brocade patterns for modern packaging design, the work aims to construct a systematic transformation pathway that integrates theoretical analysis with design practice, thereby promoting the living heritage and contemporary innovative application of this intangible cultural heritage. Firstly, the Morrisian triadic semiotic framework was employed to conduct an in-depth analysis of the Song brocade "Badayun" (Eight-Rays-Aureola) patterns across its semantic, syntactic, and pragmatic dimensions. This provided fundamental variables for the subsequent extenics model, establishing a systematic mapping from "semiotic structure" to "design conflicts" and finally to "extensible transformation strategies." Secondly, the extenics matter-element analysis model was utilized to establish quantitative indicators for three types of conflicts: semantic-cognitive, syntactic-adaptive, and pragmatic-functional. This process operationalized the otherwise "abstract logic of cultural symbols", making it quantifiable and actionable. Extensible transformation methods were then applied to achieve precise adaptation of traditional patterns to modern packaging requirements. Finally, a three-dimensional transformation path was proposed, progressing from the cognitive level (associating with modern life), through the formal level (simplification and adaptation), to the functional level (integration and innovation). The research successfully validates the effectiveness and scientific rigor of integrating semiotics and extenics for the modernization of traditional patterns. It not only clarifies the meaning-generation mechanism of Song brocade patterns but also provides an objective, quantitative basis for design decision-making, offering a practical and operable solution for the dynamic preservation and revitalization of Song brocade patterns.
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  Research on Multi-sensory Interactive Drug Packaging Design for Elderly Users

  YANG Huizhu, LYU Kailin, GAO Ruitao, WANG Jun

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 539-547. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.046

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  As China enters a deeply aging society, elderly users face difficulties in identifying and manipulating medications due to declining vision, memory, and hand flexibility. The work aims to optimize the aging-friendly performance of pharmaceutical packaging through multi-sensory interaction design, so as to enhance medication convenience and safety, reducing misuse risks, and improve the quality of life for the elderly. By integrating the physiological characteristics and psychological needs of elderly users, the application of vision, touch, and hearing in pharmaceutical packaging design was analyzed, the design pain points were identified through research and data analysis. Optimizations included enhanced structural design, materials, and information presentation, incorporating color contrast, tactile cues, and voice reminders to verify their effectiveness in improving user experience. Results showed significant improvements in information visibility and operational ease. High-contrast colors and readable fonts enhanced information clarity; non-slip materials and push-to-open designs reduced operational difficulty; and voice prompts assisted users in managing dosage and timing. These improvements decreased medication error rates and increased elderly users' confidence and comfort. In conclusion, aging-friendly pharmaceutical packaging design significantly improves medication experience for elderly users. Future efforts should integrate digital and intelligent technologies to enhance multi-sensory interaction, providing convenient, safe, and humane medication solutions to address the needs of an aging society.
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  Empirical Study on a Novel SEM-Based "Capability-Opportunity-Goal" Co-design Pathway for Rural Handicrafts

  WEI Yueqing, XU Jinbo, ZHANG Zhipeng

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 548-562. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.047

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  The work aims to enhance the divergence and deepening of rural artisans' feasible capabilities, emphasizing their central role in the construction of beautiful countryside and promoting the high-quality development of rural handicrafts. Grounded in the Capability Approach and Co-Design Theory, a feasible capability development model was constructed for rural artisans. With the bamboo weaving co-design practice in Xuan'en County, Enshi Prefecture, Hubei Province as an empirical case, the Structural Equation Model (SEM) was employed for calculation and analysis of model mechanisms. Combined with the model mechanism, the creation of conditions for the development of rural artisans' capabilities was examined and their satisfaction with the freedom of feasible capabilities was tested. The model validation demonstrated that all four opportunity conditions within the co-design pathway exhibited significant mediating effects. Internal capability primarily exerted influence through event and time conditions, whereas external capability functioned through time and human interaction conditions. The mediating pathways revealed a progressive structure of "time→space→event→person", indicating that feasible capability development in co-design followed a hierarchical progression from "fundamental to advanced" conditions. The synergistic effect of multidimensional opportunity conditions enhanced the satisfaction of artisans with the freedom of their feasible capabilities. The integration of the Capability Approach and Co-Design Theory thus provides a systematic framework for understanding and guiding the enhancement of artisans' capabilities, offering new insights for constructing the "Capability-Opportunity-Goal" co-design pathway and contributing to the revitalization of traditional crafts in rural regions.
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  Co-creation Model for Design-enabled Rural Construction of Non-resource-rich Villages

  YANG Jing, LI Zhen

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 563-577. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.048

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  Based on the concept of value co-creation in service design, the work aims to propose a design-enabled rural construction idea for non-resource-rich villages. Firstly, the current situation of design-enabled rural construction was analyzed, the characteristics of non-resource-rich villages were summarized and defined, and their development difficulties were analyzed. Secondly, the value co-creation theory was sorted out by the literature research method, and the design-enabled rural construction cases were analyzed by the case analysis method, pointing out that the design-enabled rural construction had the characteristics of co-creation and localization. From the perspective of value co-creation, a value co-creation path for non-resource-rich rural design and construction was proposed, namely "resource integration-design co-creation-value creation-value continuation", and the feasibility and effectiveness of this path were verified through the school-local cooperation project "Busy Bunny Village Design Assistance Plan" of the School of Design of South China University of Technology. The design-enabled rural construction model from the perspective of value co-creation provides a new perspective and path for the development and construction of non-resource-rich rural areas. In rural construction, through the collaboration of multiple subjects and design intervention, rural resources can be transformed into rural cultural symbols and industrial kinetic energy, which can promote the development of rural areas and enhance the villagers' sense of identity and belonging to the countryside.
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  Public Facility Design from the Perspective of Inclusive Design

  YANG Jingjing

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 578-581. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.049

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  The work aims to explore the methods of public facility design from the perspective of inclusive design, to design public facilities that meet the needs of different groups of people and make public facility design more humane. By using literature review and case study methods and starting from the definition of inclusive design, the application methods and examples of incorporating inclusive design concepts into public facility design were discussed and analyzed, respectively. The core of inclusive design concept lies in meeting the needs of different groups of people, which is consistent with the concept of public spaces providing places, assistance, resources, etc. for different groups of people. Therefore, inclusive design is an important design concept in the design of public facilities in public spaces. Designers should incorporate the concept of inclusive design into public facility design, with meeting the needs of the population as the core and face the diversity of different groups of people, pay attention to the instinctive level experience of the population, emphasize the inclusiveness of the reflective level, and focus on diversity.
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  Application of the Mortise and Tenon Structure in New Chinese-style Furniture Design

  JIANG Yuemin

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 582-586. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.050

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  The work aims to explore modern application pathways of the mortise and tenon structure in new Chinese-style furniture design and propose feasible design strategies that integrate traditional craftsmanship with contemporary manufacturing. Through literature review and case analysis, the historical advantages and current challenges of the mortise and tenon structure were systematically summarized. Based on market-research data and representative design cases, four strategies were proposed: material optimization, process simplification, structural modularization, and digital integration. The mortise and tenon structure offers structural stability, environmental benefits, and cultural symbolism. The modern design approaches can significantly enhance its adaptability and market competitiveness in new Chinese-style furniture. By introducing novel design concepts at the initial design stage, such as advanced materials, intelligent manufacturing, and traditional cultural elements, the unique characteristics and strengths of the mortise and tenon structure can be fully realized, endowing new Chinese-style furniture with both traditional features and contemporary aesthetics.
Design Intelligent Innovation·Diverse Exploration and Innovation of Produet Design for Urban Culture and Life in the Era of Digital Intelligence
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  A Review of Personalized Service Design for Smart Homes Based on Artificial Intelligence

  JIANG Lijuan, FAN Jia

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 587-601. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.051

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  The work aims to summarize and integrate the current literature related to AI-driven personalized services in smart homes and construct a comprehensive theoretical framework that integrates technology, design, aesthetics, and humanistic connotations, to provide theoretical support for the interdisciplinary innovation of smart homes. Based on the Web of Science database, a comprehensive review of research results in this field from 2015 to 2025 was conducted. With the bibliometric method, the literature was classified into four categories of philosophical foundation, physical architecture, interaction methods, and scene applications for analysis. The discussion focused on the design philosophy of humanistic regression, intelligent adaptation, and benevolence-oriented thinking for smart homes, as well as the design principles of humanization, inclusiveness, and privacy respect. The analysis of smart homes and spatial aesthetic design practice schemes included modular strategies, implicit and explicit integration, and interactive control interfaces. The focus was on the artistic expression of AI-driven human-computer interaction (HCI) interface design, encompassing interface development, multimodal emotion computing and context understanding, as well as the exploration of adaptive and generative interactive interfaces. Finally, a four-level smart home scenario hierarchy of life, home, intelligence, and aesthetics was proposed. The technology should serve people's emotional needs, spatial experience, and aesthetic pursuits. The future development of smart homes will evolve towards integration, tranquility, and sustainability. Designers will shift from creators to experience orchestrators, transforming cold technology into warm, personalized, and caring daily companions, creating a better living experience for people.
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  Elderly-friendly Lighting Design Strategies for Smart Lighting Fixtures in Aging Home Environments

  XIA Jie, KANG Zhenzhen, PENG Peng, HE Li

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 602-614. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.052

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  To address the common overemphasis on technology integration over elderly user needs in smart lighting design, the work aims to develop an elderly-friendly lighting strategy based on physiological rhythms, behaviors, and psychological needs of the elderly, to enhance the comfort, safety, and health value of their home lighting environment. Through literature review, the core lighting environment needs of the elderly corresponding to their physiological decline were sorted out. With the high-risk scenario of nighttime toileting as the entry point, the activity trajectories and potential risks of the elderly in a typical home environment were deeply analyzed through user journey mapping and behavioral observation. Integrated with theories of healthy lighting and human factors engineering, design strategies were proposed and applied to develop an integrated smart floor light combining rhythm adaptation, behavior assistance, and non-intrusive interaction. The design was further verified through scenario simulation. A framework of elderly-friendly design strategies for smart home lighting was proposed, with health, safety, and usability as the core concepts, including non-intrusive safety protection strategies, human-factor optics and circadian health strategies, inclusive interaction and scenarization strategies, as well as systematic integration and expansion strategies. Smart lighting is redefined as a light medium for the elderly's home health. The established design strategy system can effectively guide the innovation of aging-oriented smart lighting products, and provides an important theoretical basis and practical path for the transformation of elderly-friendly light environment design from general lighting to active health intervention.
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  Modular Design Path of Smart Children's Toys from the Perspective of Time-honored Brand Culture

  ZHAO Yingtao

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 615-630. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.053

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  To address the disconnection between traditional cultural inheritance and contemporary children's cognition, the work aims to explore the construction of an innovative modular design path for smart children's toys from the perspective of time-honored brand culture, achieving the modern translation of cultural genes and the deep integration of educational value. The software CiteSpace was utilized to conduct a key word co-occurrence analysis on the literature related to smart children's toys, obtaining a hotspot map to analyze the current research gaps. The three-level theory of culture was employed to deconstruct the cultural genes of Tianjin's time-honored brands and form a pedigree diagram, constructing a translation path for the cultural genes of time-honored brands. The modular design principles specific to the field of children's toys were proposed in an innovative manner and the modular toy design paths were summarized. An in-depth analysis of interactive design modes for smart children's toys was conducted based on sensory synesthesia, emotional experience, and embodied cognition. Furthermore, the design practice was carried out based on user research. A comprehensive modular design approach was constructed for smart toys, enriched by the cultural genes of time-honored brands, and used as a guide for scheme design. In the digital and intelligent era, the integrated design of traditional toy products has become difficult to adapt to the toy market demand for edutainment and flexible customization. The cultural empowerment of time-honored brands in the modular design of smart children's toys has become a vivid case of "small modules leveraging big benefits".
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  Personalized Adaptation of Circadian Light Effects for Intelligent Lighting Fixtures from the Perspective of Healthy Lighting

  KANG Zhenzhen, XIA Jie, MAO Xianzhi, KONG Shuai

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 631-640. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.054

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  In response to the simplistic circadian regulation mode and insufficient personalized matching in current intelligent healthy lighting systems, the work aims to develop a personalized adaptation scheme that translates user circadian characteristics into precise light environment interventions, thereby enhancing the health benefits of home lighting environments. Based on the correlation mechanism between photobiological effects and circadian rhythms, the core parameters of circadian light effects were systematically sorted out. Multi-source data were integrated, and four types of user circadian profiles were constructed through K-means clustering. A three-layer design strategy of "state perception-strategy formulation-light effect execution" was proposed, forming a differentiated light recipe mapping logic. Finally, parametric simulation and three-dimensional visualization analysis of a typical bedroom scene were conducted using Dialux evo software, and comparative verification was performed to assess the differences in lighting environment needs among different circadian groups as well as the adaptation capability of the proposed strategy. Simulation comparisons demonstrated that under the scenarios of morning awakening, daytime activity, and nighttime rest, key parameters such as core illuminance and correlated color temperature showed significant differences among different profiles and the strategy could effectively achieve dynamic matching between the light environment and user circadian characteristics. This study has developed an integrated personalized circadian light effect adaptation strategy that combines the photobiological theory with user profiles, and its differential adaptation capability for various circadian groups has been verified through digital simulation. The research provides a systematic design methodology and theoretical reference for the personalized development of intelligent healthy lighting products.
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  UI Design of Hangu Nüshu-themed Smart Home Products

  ZHANG Yiran

  Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 641-652. https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.055

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  To address the contextual limitations in inheriting the Hangu Nüshu intangible cultural heritage, the work aims to explore an innovative design path integrating it with smart home products. By introducing cultural translation and embodied cognition theory, a three-dimensional model of "cultural genes, home carrier and digital UI" and a four-stage framework of "carrier, translation, expression, interaction" were constructed to guide the design of "Wenyu" smart home products. A contextual translation path of Hangu Nüshu culture from visual symbols to home functions was built, and the "Four-Stroke Mapping" interaction rule was proposed. At the hardware level, the product prototype of "Wenyu Lamp" was designed. At the software level, a diamond grid visual system and a dual-channel dialect interaction mechanism were constructed, forming a "sound, character and light" multimodal immersive experience. This study proposes a design methodology for domestication of cultural genes, providing new ideas for digital design of intangible cultural heritages.